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1,651 MWh batteries (2019) Tesla, Inc. (formerly Tesla Motors, Inc. ) is an American electric vehicle and clean energy company based in Palo Alto, California. Tesla's current products include electric cars (the Model S, Model 3, Model X, and Model Y), battery energy storage from home to grid scale (the Powerwall, Powerpack, and Megapack), solar panels and solar roof tiles, and related products and services. Founded in July 2003 by engineers Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning as Tesla Motors, the company’s name is a tribute to inventor and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. Eberhard said he wanted to build "a car manufacturer that is also a technology company", with its core technologies as "the battery, the computer software and the proprietary motor". The next three employees at Tesla were Ian Wright, Elon Musk, and J. B. Straubel. Musk, who has served as CEO since 2008, said in 2006 that "the overarching purpose of Tesla Motors...is to help expedite t...

2003–2004: Founding Founded as Tesla Motors , Tesla was incorporated on July 1, 2003, by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. The two founders were influenced to start the company after GM recalled all its EV1 electric cars in 2003 and then destroyed them, and seeing the higher efficiency of battery-electric cars as an opportunity to break the usual correlation between high performance and low mileage. The AC Propulsion tzero also inspired the company's first vehicle, the Roadster. Eberhard said he wanted to build "a car manufacturer that is also a technology company", with its core technologies as "the battery, the computer software, and the proprietary motor". Ian Wright was Tesla's third employee, joining a few months later. The three raised US$7.5 million in Series A funding in February 2004, with Elon Musk contributing $6.5 million. Musk became chairman of the board of directors, and appointed Eberhard as CEO. J. B. Straubel joined Tesla in May 2004. A...

Tesla's product release strategy is to emulate typical technological-product life cycles and initially target affluent buyers, and then move into larger markets at lower price points. The battery and electric drivetrain technology for each model would be developed and partially paid for through the sales of earlier models. The Roadster was low-volume and priced at $109,000. Model S and Model X target the broader luxury market. Model 3 and the Model Y are aimed at a higher-volume segment. This strategy is common in the technology industry. According to a Musk blog post, "New technology in any field takes a few versions to optimize before reaching the mass market, and in this case it is competing with 150 years and trillions of dollars spent on gasoline cars." With the Model S, Tesla's technology strategy was to start with a "clean-sheet" design, and build an integrated computer hardware and software architecture at the center of its vehicles. Musk stated in 2...

Tesla delivered 367,500 cars in 2019, 50% more than in 2018 and more than triple the number sold in 2017. At the end of 2019, Tesla's global sales since 2012 totaled over 891,000 units. As of October 2018update, Tesla's sales represented about 20% of the all-electric cars on the world's roads, according to Navigant Research. By November 2018, Tesla vehicles had traveled 10 billion miles (16 billion km). Cumulative global sales (deliveries) of Tesla's electric vehicles by model through March 31, 2020 (total: 985,154 vehicles) Model (launch year) Units delivered Roadster (2008)   2,450 Model S+X (2012, 2015)   460,441 Model 3+Y (2017, 2020)   524,713 (In 2019, Tesla began combining sales figures for the Model S and Model X. In Q1 2020, Tesla began combining sales figures for the Tesla Model 3 and Model Y.) In 2016, BYD Auto was the world's top selling plug-in car manufacturer with 101,183 units sold, followed by Tesla with 76,243. However, ...

Tesla receives service revenue from customers after the initial vehicle purchase and reached almost $500 million in 2020 Q2. As of August 2020update, those services include: Vehicle servicing Charging Insurance Software upgrades Improved connectivity Future services which have been discussed include: Tesla network, Autopilot as a subscription, paying for a WiFi hotspot in the car, and the Tesla app store. Vehicle servicing For most vehicle manufacturers, only dealers can service (and sell) the cars, and the manufacturer receives no revenue from servicing cars. Tesla cars are not serviced through dealers. In 2016, Tesla recommended to have any Tesla car inspected every 12,500 miles or once a year, whichever comes first. In early 2019, the manual was changed to say: "your Tesla does not require annual maintenance and regular fluid changes," and instead it recommends periodic servicing of the brake fluid, air conditioning, tires and air filters. At the June 2018 shareholder ...

As a vertically integrated manufacturer, Tesla has had to research and develop components in multiple technology domains, including batteries, motors, sensors, glass, and artificial intelligence. Vehicle batteries Unlike all other automakers, Tesla does not use individual large battery cells, but thousands of small, cylindrical, lithium-ion commodity cells like those used in consumer electronics. Tesla uses a version of these cells that is designed to be cheaper to manufacture and lighter than standard cells by removing some safety features; according to Tesla, these features are redundant because of the advanced thermal management system and an intumescent chemical in the battery to prevent fires. The batteries are placed under the vehicle floor. This saves interior and trunk (boot) space but increases the risk of battery damage by debris or impact. After two vehicle fires in 2013 due to road debris, the Model S was retrofitted with a multi-part aluminum and titanium protection system...

As of March 2020update, Tesla offers four car models: the Model S, Model 3, Model X and Model Y. The firm's first vehicle, the first-generation Tesla Roadster is no longer sold. Production Model S The Model S is a five-door liftback sedan. Deliveries began on June 22, 2012. The first delivery in Europe took place in August 2013. Deliveries in China began in April 2014. Deliveries of the right-hand-drive model destined for the UK, Australia, Hong Kong and Japan began in 2014. As of April 2020, the Model S has two configurations: the Model S Long Range Plus, and the Model S Performance with EPA ranges of 391 miles (629 km) and 348 miles (560 km), respectively. The Model S was the best-selling plug-in electric car worldwide for the years 2015 and 2016, selling an estimated 50,931 units in 2016. As of September 2018update, the Model S, with global sales of 250,000 units, listed as the world's second best selling plug-in electric car in history after the Nissan Leaf (over 350,000 un...

History In April 2015, the company unveiled its Powerwall home and Powerpack industrial battery packs, and received orders valued at $800 million within a week of the unveiling. The two Powerwall models included a 7 kWh (25 MJ) unit and a 10 kWh (36 MJ) unit, both with 2 kW (2.7 hp) continuous power. The Powerpacks were larger-scale configurations for industrial users in units of 100 kWh (360 MJ). The company planned to open source its patents for the entire range. In September, 2020, Tesela announced an increase in pricing to the Powerwall product line due to increased demand. In October 2016, Tesla unveiled the Powerwall 2 with 5 kW (6.7 hp) continuous power and 13.5 kWh (49 MJ) capacity. Initial cells were made by Panasonic. In 2017, production was shifted to Giga Nevada, where Tesla expected costs to drop by 30%. Deployments In September 2016, Tesla announced it had been chosen "through a competitive process" to supply Southern California Edison (SCE) with 20 MW (27,000 ...

In addition to its corporate headquarters, the company operates multiple large factories for making vehicles and their components. The company operates showrooms and galleries around the world. Opened Name City Country Employees Products Notes 2010 Tesla Factory Fremont, California   United States 10,000 Tesla Model S Tesla Model 3 Tesla Model X Tesla Model Y Tesla Roadster (2020) Previously a NUMMI factory. 2013 Tesla facilities in Tilburg Tilburg   Netherlands Tesla Model S Tesla Model X Tesla's first factory outside of the United States. Final EU assembly of major components from US. 2016 Giga Nevada Storey County, Nevada   United States 7,000 Lithium-ion batteries Tesla Powerwall Tesla Powerpack Tesla Megapack Also known as Gigafactory 1. 2017 Giga New York Buffalo, New York   United States 1,500 Photovoltaic cells Solar panels Solar shingles Supercharger equipment Also known as Gigafactory 2. 2019 Giga Shanghai Shanghai...

Current Partners Panasonic On January 7, 2010, Tesla and battery cell maker Panasonic announced that they would together develop nickel-based lithium-ion battery cells for electric vehicles. Naoto Noguchi, President of Panasonic's Energy Company, said that the Japanese firm's cells would be used for Tesla's "current and next-generation EV battery pack." The partnership was part of Panasonic's $1 billion investment over three years in facilities for lithium-ion cell research, development and production. Beginning in 2010, Panasonic invested $30 million for a multi-year collaboration on next generation cells designed specifically for electric vehicles. In July 2014, Panasonic reached a basic agreement with Tesla to participate in Giga Nevada. Tesla and Panasonic also collaborate on the manufacturing and production of photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules at Giga New York in Buffalo, New York. Other Current Partners Tesla also has a range of minor partnerships, for...

Lawsuits According to the legal advocacy website PlainSite, Tesla has been party to 620 lawsuits as of June 2019. Ongoing cases include Musk's "Funding secured" tweet, CEO performance award, the acquisition of SolarCity, and allegations of whistleblower retaliation. On-going lawsuits "Funding secured" − $420 buyout proposal On August 7, 2018, Elon Musk tweeted, "Am considering taking Tesla private at $420. Funding secured." The tweet caused a furor on social media and in Tesla's investment circle. Tesla's stock price rose quickly after Musk's statement, but crashed after it became clear that Musk's statements were untrue. Musk did not have any funding secured for a possible buyout, and the $420 price was a marijuana reference Musk chose to amuse his girlfriend. Musk settled fraud charges with the Securities and Exchange Commission over his false statements in September 2018. According to the terms of the settlement: Musk was removed fro...